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Struggle of a senior citizen to find blood for transfusion led to discovery of an extremely rare blood type in India – The EMM blood group

Published:October 26, 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2022.103584
Struggle of a senior citizen to find blood for transfusion led to discovery of an extremely rare blood type in India – The EMM blood group
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      India's first and world's 11th recorded case of individual with Emm negative blood type was discovered relatively recently when a 65-year-old man, hailing from Gujarat, couldn't seem to find his blood match [

      The Times of India. Researchers report India's first Emm negative blood type case, world's 11th. Published July 15 2022. Available at: 〈https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/researchers-report-indias-first-Emm-negative-blood-type-case-worlds-11th/articleshow/92889786.cms〉. Accessed 18 July 2022.

      ]. As of February 2021, the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), has identified 43 blood group systems [
      • Campeau P.M.
      Free GPI is the elusive Emm antigen. Blood.
      J Am Soc Hematol. 2021; 137 (Jul 1): 3588-3589https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011651
      ]. The Emm system (ISBT042), after being classified for ages under the "901" series of high incidence blood antigens, now belongs to the 42nd blood group system with its corresponding antigen being assigned the number 901008 [

      The Times of India. Researchers report India's first Emm negative blood type case, world's 11th. Published July 15 2022. Available at: 〈https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/researchers-report-indias-first-Emm-negative-blood-type-case-worlds-11th/articleshow/92889786.cms〉. Accessed 18 July 2022.

      ,
      • Campeau P.M.
      Free GPI is the elusive Emm antigen.
      Blood. 2021; 137: 3588-3589https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011651
      ]. The world's first-ever case of anti-Emm dates back to 1986, as reported by a study in 3 unrelated individuals [
      • Campeau P.M.
      Free GPI is the elusive Emm antigen. Blood.
      J Am Soc Hematol. 2021; 137 (Jul 1): 3588-3589https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011651
      ]. One of the three patients suffered from a neurological disorder and was anti-Emm antibody positive while another one had a brother who was also Emm negative and carried anti-Emm antibody [
      • Lane W.J.
      • Aeschlimann J.
      • Vege S.
      • Lomas-Francis C.
      • Burgos A.
      • Mah H.H.
      • et al.
      PIGG defines the Emm blood group system.
      Sci Rep. 2021; 11: 18545
      ].
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      References

      1. The Times of India. Researchers report India's first Emm negative blood type case, world's 11th. Published July 15 2022. Available at: 〈https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/researchers-report-indias-first-Emm-negative-blood-type-case-worlds-11th/articleshow/92889786.cms〉. Accessed 18 July 2022.

        View in Article
        • Campeau P.M.
        Free GPI is the elusive Emm antigen. Blood.
        J Am Soc Hematol. 2021; 137 (Jul 1): 3588-3589https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011651
        View in Article
        • Campeau P.M.
        Free GPI is the elusive Emm antigen.
        Blood. 2021; 137: 3588-3589https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011651
        View in Article
        • Lane W.J.
        • Aeschlimann J.
        • Vege S.
        • Lomas-Francis C.
        • Burgos A.
        • Mah H.H.
        • et al.
        PIGG defines the Emm blood group system.
        Sci Rep. 2021; 11: 18545
        View in Article
        • Gassner C.
        • Wagner F.F.
        Blood Groups And Their Correlation With Hereditary Disease.
        Transfus Med Hemotherapy. 2022; 49: 1-3
        View in Article
        • Shah R.J.
        • Senjaliya S.B.
        • Harimoorthy V.
        • Burgos A.
        • Vege S.
        • Lomas-Francis C.
        • et al.
        Anti-Emm, a rare specificity to the high-incidence antigen Emm in an Indian patient defining the new blood group system EMM (ISBT042).
        Asian J Transfus Sci. 2021; 15: 223
        View in Article

      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: October 26, 2022
      Accepted: October 21, 2022
      Received in revised form: October 20, 2022
      Received: August 18, 2022

      Publication stage

      In Press Journal Pre-Proof

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2022.103584

      Copyright

      © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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